Version 3.1.1
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用多个样本集绘制柱状图并演示：
- 对多个样本集使用图例
- 堆叠条
- 无填充的阶梯曲线
- 不同样本量的数据集
选择不同的仓位计数和大小会显著影响直方图的形状。Astropy文档有一个关于如何选择这些参数的重要部分：http://docs.astropy.org/en/stable/visualization/histogram.html
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
np.random.seed(19680801)
n_bins = 10
x = np.random.randn(1000, 3)
fig, axes = plt.subplots(nrows=2, ncols=2)
ax0, ax1, ax2, ax3 = axes.flatten()
colors = ['red', 'tan', 'lime']
ax0.hist(x, n_bins, density=True, histtype='bar', color=colors, label=colors)
ax0.legend(prop={'size': 10})
ax0.set_title('bars with legend')
ax1.hist(x, n_bins, density=True, histtype='bar', stacked=True)
ax1.set_title('stacked bar')
ax2.hist(x, n_bins, histtype='step', stacked=True, fill=False)
ax2.set_title('stack step (unfilled)')
# Make a multiple-histogram of data-sets with different length.
x_multi = [np.random.randn(n) for n in [10000, 5000, 2000]]
ax3.hist(x_multi, n_bins, histtype='bar')
ax3.set_title('different sample sizes')
fig.tight_layout()
plt.show()